J P Jule --1818-12-24--1889-10-11

If you write down the name:
James Prescott Joule.

Born in England, Jules continued to experiment as an experimenter throughout his life, leaving behind many experimental results in the history of science.

Jules did not engage in research at universities throughout his life and was doing his research while running the brewing industry as a family business. In his life, he left behind achievements such as Joule’s law and the quantification of the work equivalent of heat.
Here, he would like to make the expression even a little easier for the general public.

The idea of ​​mechanics that Newton began to think of was very convenient as a means of expressing the motion of an object. You can replace spherical motion like an apple   by mass motion, and it was easy to incorporate the concept of disturbance such as air resistance and friction.

People in such time also discussed and quantified in the electrical academic system as Maxwell et al had established. On the other hand, the parameter of heat measured by a thermometer was a phenomenon that people talked about separately from the world of exercise. The story of substances changing in response to heat

It was hard to connect with the story of exercising. Jules combined the concept of “work” with the concept of “heat” that comes up in the story of electricity and exercise.

Works of Jule

In such work, Jules contributed greatly to the development of thermodynamics. Joule is still used as the unit of heat, and many people hear the name. Jules was ill, so he has no formal school education. He was studying at home with a tutor. One of them is said to be John Dalton, who is famous for atomism, who taught the basics of science and mathematics for three years.

The amount of heat, which is Joule’s established concept, is connected to the physical quantity that even high school students can understand. Specifically, the amount of heat Q is proportional to the square of the flowing current I and the electrical resistance R of the conductor.

Q = RI ^ 2

This is now called Joule’s law. Joule also conducted an experiment to measure the heat generated by the extrusion of water from an experimental capillary tube that rotates a coil in water by the force of a weight, measured the work equivalent of heat, and showed that the heat itself is converted to work. is. Eventually he uses a mechanical equivalent of heat measurer with an impeller.

In such activities, Jules began exchanging opinions with Thomson, George Stokes, and Michael Faraday, and as a result of continuing experiments at his home, it was confirmed quantitatively that the temperature would drop when inflated. It was. It was a phenomenon had known the Joule-Thomson effect.

Later life of Jule

There was a time when Jules’ enviroment depressed his mood and he was living a withdrawn life because he received complaints from his neighbors due to the excessive experimentation, his wife died, and he witnessed a train accident. For that reason, even if a university was established in Manchester, Jules couldn’t get a professorship.

In his later years Jules was experimenting with public pensions and subsidies. Some people said that the wealthy Jules family has dedicated their fortune to his experiments. Jules himself died on sale at the age of 70. And his tombstone had shown with the value of his work equivalent.

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